Reference: http://www.htmlcssvqs.com/8ed/appendixes/html-reference.php
There are two tables below: Table A.1 lists global attributes, which you apply to most HTML elements; Table A.2 contains HTML elements and their specific (that is, not global) attributes. Each element has a short description and an annotated list of its associated attributes.
Consult www.caniuse.com and findmebyip.com/litmus for the latest on browser support for the HTML5 features.
| Global Attribute | Description | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| accesskey | For adding a keyboard shortcut to an element | ||
| aria-* | For associating accessibility attribute values specified by WAI-ARIA | 5 | |
| class | For identifying a set of elements in order to apply styles to them | ||
| contenteditable | For making the content of an element editable | 5 | |
| contextmenu | For identifying a contextual menu for an element (the value must be the same as a menu element’s id attribute) | 5 | |
| data-* | For storing custom data that is private to the page or application | 5 | |
| dir | For specifying the element’s text direction | ||
| draggable | For making an element draggable | 5 | |
| dropzone | For identifying an element as a place where draggable elements can be dropped | 5 | |
| event | For associating an element with a script (event is a placeholder for the actual event name) | ||
| hidden | For indicating that an element is not yet relevant or is no longer relevant | 5 | |
| id | For identifying a particular element so that it can be linked to, styled, or scripted with JavaScript | ||
| lang | For specifying the language an element is written in | ||
| role | For providing additional information to assistive devices about the role of an element as defined by WAI-ARIA | 5 | |
| spellcheck | For indicating whether the content of an element should have its spelling and grammar checked | 5 | |
| style | For adding local style sheet information | ||
| tabindex | For defining the order in which the Tab key takes the visitor through elements | ||
| title | For labeling elements with tool tips | ||
| Element/ Attribute(s) | Description | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | For creating links and anchors | ||
| href | For specifying the URL of a page or the name of an anchor that a link goes to | ||
| hreflang | For specifying the language of the linked resource | 5 | |
| media | For describing the media for which the target document was defined | 5 | |
| rel | For identifying the nature of the link | ||
| target | For specifying the window or iframe where a link should open | * | |
| type | For noting a resource’s MIME type | ||
| abbr | For explaining the meaning of abbreviations and acronyms | * | |
| address | For identifying contact information for the nearest article or body element ancestor | ||
| area | For specifying the coordinates of image maps | ||
| accesskey | For adding a keyboard shortcut to a particular region of the map | ||
| alt | For giving information about an area | ||
| coords | For giving the coordinates of an area in an image map | ||
| href | For specifying the destination URL of a link in an area of an image map | ||
| hreflang | For specifying the language of the linked resource | 5 | |
| media | For describing the media for which the target document was defined | 5 | |
| rel | For identifying the kind of link | ||
| shape | For specifying the shape of an area in an image map | ||
| target | For specifying the window or iframe where a link should open | * | |
| article | For identifying a self-contained composition in a page that is in principle independently distributable or reusable | 5 | |
| aside | For identifying a section of a page that consists of content that is tangentially related to the content around it | 5 | |
| audio | For embedding sound or audio in a page | 5 | |
| autoplay | For telling the browser to start playing the audio file as soon as it can | 5 | |
| controls | For telling the browser to provide controls for the audio element | 5 | |
| crossorigin | For setting cross-origin request credentials | 5 | |
| loop | For telling the audio file to start over without interruption upon reaching its end | 5 | |
| mediagroup | For associating multiple media files together | 5 | |
| muted | For controlling the default state of audio output | 5 | |
| preload | For specifying whether the browser can begin downloading the audio file before the visitor starts playing it | 5 | |
| src | For identifying the URL of the audio file to play | 5 | |
| b | For identifying a span of text to which attention is being drawn for utilitarian purposes, without conveying any extra importance and with no implication of an alternate voice or mood | * | |
| base | For specifying the base URL of the page | ||
| href | For specifying the URL to be used to generate relative URLs | ||
| target | For specifying the default target for the links on the page | * | |
| bdi | For identifying a span of text that is to be isolated from its surroundings for the purposes of bidirectional text formatting | 5 | |
| dir | For specifying text direction | 5 | |
| bdo | For explicitly formatting the text direction of its content | ||
| dir | For specifying text direction | ||
| blockquote | For identifying a section quoted from another source | ||
| cite | For giving the URL of the source | ||
| body | For enclosing the main content area of a page | ||
| br | For creating a line break | ||
| button | For creating buttons | ||
| autofocus | For specifying that the button is to be focused as soon as the page is loaded | 5 | |
| disabled | For indicating that the element is not available in the current state | ||
| form | For associating the element with a form that it is not a part of | 5 | |
| formaction | For overriding the form’s action attribute | 5 | |
| formenctype | For overriding the form’s enctype attribute | 5 | |
| formmethod | For overriding the form’s method attribute | 5 | |
| formnovalidate | For overriding the form’s novalidate attribute | 5 | |
| formtarget | For overriding the form’s target attribute | 5 | |
| name | For identifying the data sent with a button, or for identifying the button itself (perhaps for a JavaScript function) | ||
| type | For using the button in a form element | ||
| value | For specifying the data that should be submitted when the button is clicked | ||
| canvas | To provide scripts with a resolution-dependent bitmap canvas for rendering graphics on the fly | 5 | |
| width, height | For specifying the size of the canvas | 5 | |
| caption | For creating a caption for a table | ||
| cite | For marking text as a citation | ||
| code | For marking text as computer code | ||
| col | For joining columns in a table into a non-structural group | ||
| span | For specifying the number of columns in a column group | ||
| colgroup | For joining columns in a table into a structural column group | ||
| span | For specifying the number of columns in a column group | ||
| command | For representing a command the user can invoke, such as defining a keyboard command | 5 | |
| checked | For indicating the checked state of the command (if the command type is “checkbox” or “radio”) | 5 | |
| disabled | For indicating that the command is not available in the current state | 5 | |
| icon | For providing an image that represents the command | 5 | |
| label | For showing the name of the command to the user | 5 | |
| radiogroup | For identifying the radio buttons that will be toggled when the command is toggled (if the command type is “radio”) | 5 | |
| type | For indicating the type of command | 5 | |
| datalist | To contain a group of option elements that represent a predefined set of options for another form control | 5 | |
| dd | For marking a definition in a list | ||
| details | For creating a disclosure widget from which the visitor can obtain additional information or controls | 5 | |
| open | For specifying whether the element is open or closed by default | 5 | |
| del | To mark deleted text | ||
| cite | For referencing a URL that explains the change | ||
| datetime | For specifying the time and date of the change | ||
| dfn | For specifying the defining instance of a term | ||
| title | For providing the definition of the term | ||
| div | For dividing a page into block-level sections | ||
| dl | For creating a definition list | ||
| dt | For marking a term to be defined in a list | ||
| em | To mark text that has stress emphasis | * | |
| embed | For adding multimedia | * | |
| src | For specifying the URL of a multimedia file | ||
| type | For identifying the MIME type of the multimedia file | ||
| width, height | For specifying the size of the embedded multimedia player | ||
| fieldset | For grouping a set of form elements together | ||
| disabled | For disabling all form controls within the fieldset | 5 | |
| form | For associating the element with a form that it is not a part of | 5 | |
| name | For providing the fieldset with a name for use later | 5 | |
| figcaption | For identifying a caption or legend for the contents of its parent figure element | 5 | |
| figure | For identifying content that is referenced within the main flow of the document but that could be moved elsewhere without affecting the flow of the document | 5 | |
| footer | For identifying a footer for the nearest ancestor body, section, article, or aside element | 5 | |
| form | For designating a form to collect data for submission | ||
| accept-charset | For identifying the character encoding to be used with the form submission (defaults to the page’s character set) | ||
| action | For giving the URL of the script that will process the form data | ||
| autocomplete | For preventing the browser from providing/remembering autocompletion values when the attribute is set to “off” (the default is “on”; that is, autocompletion is allowed by default) | 5 | |
| enctype | For making sure files are sent to the server in the proper format | ||
| method | For specifying how data should be sent to the server | ||
| name | For providing the form with a name for use later | ||
| novalidate | For allowing the form to be submitted without validation | 5 | |
| target | For identifying the target window or iframe of the form’s submission | * | |
| h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 | For creating headings | ||
| head | For creating the head section, which contains information about the page, including the title, author, keywords, style sheets, and scripts | ||
| header | For identifying a group of introductory content or navigational aids | 5 | |
| hgroup | For identifying the heading of a section when a heading has multiple levels | 5 | |
| hr | For identifying a paragraph-level thematic break | * | |
| html | For identifying a text document as an HTML document | ||
| manifest | For specifying an application cache manifest that is used when the page is offline | 5 | |
| i | For marking a span of text that is in an alternate voice or mood or that is otherwise offset from the normal prose in a manner indicating a different quality of text | * | |
| iframe | For creating a nested browsing context | * | |
| name | For specifying the name of the iframe, to be used as a target | ||
| sandbox | For specifying additional restrictions on the content of the iframe, for security purposes | 5 | |
| seamless | For specifying whether the iframe should appear to be part of the containing page | 5 | |
| src | For specifying the URL of the initial page | ||
| srcdoc | For specifying the URL of the initial page | 5 | |
| width, height | For specifying the size of the iframe | ||
| img | For inserting images on a page | ||
| alt | For offering alternate text that is displayed if the image is not and that is for users of assistive devices | ||
| crossorigin | For allowing images from third-party sites (that allow cross-origin access) to be used with the canvas element | ||
| ismap | For indicating that the element provides access to a server-side image map (the element must be a descendant of an a element) | ||
| src | For specifying the URL of an image | ||
| usemap | For specifying the client-side image map that should be used with the referenced image | ||
| width, height | For specifying the size of an image so that the page is loaded more quickly, or for scaling | ||
| input | For creating form elements | ||
| accept | For informing the browser what file types will be accepted if the input type is “file” | ||
| alt | For providing a textual alternate if the input type is “image” | ||
| autocomplete | For preventing the browser from providing/remembering autocompletion values when the attribute is set to “off” (the default is “on”; that is, autocompletion is allowed by default) | 5 | |
| autofocus | For specifying that the input is to be focused as soon as the page is loaded | 5 | |
| checked | For marking a radio button or checkbox by default | ||
| dirname | For identifying the direction of the entered text | 5 | |
| disabled | For indicating that the input is not available in the current state | ||
| form | For associating the element with a form that it is not a part of | 5 | |
| formaction | For overriding the form’s action attribute | 5 | |
| formenctype | For overriding the form’s enctype attribute | 5 | |
| formmethod | For overriding the form’s method attribute | 5 | |
| formnovalidate | For overriding the form’s novalidate attribute | 5 | |
| formtarget | For overriding the form’s target attribute | 5 | |
| list | For associating the input with a datalist | 5 | |
| max, min | For indicating the input element’s allowed range of values | 5 | |
| maxlength | For specifying the maximum number of characters that can be entered in an input element | ||
| multiple | For specifying whether the user can be allowed to enter more than one value | 5 | |
| name | For identifying data collected by an element | ||
| pattern | For providing a regular expression against which the input element’s value is checked | 5 | |
| placeholder | For providing a hint to aid in data entry | 5 | |
| readonly | For keeping visitors from changing certain form elements | ||
| required | For identifying that the element must not be blank to submit the form (not allowed when the input type is “hidden,” “image,” or some button types) | 5 | |
| size | For specifying the length of a text or password box | ||
| src | For specifying the URL of an active image | ||
| step | For controlling the granularity and specificity of allowed values | 5 | |
| type | For specifying if a form element is a text box, password box, radio button, checkbox, hidden field, submit button, reset button, active image, date/time box, number box, or color box; for selecting from a range of values; or for entering a telephone number, email address, or set of search terms | * | |
| value | For specifying the default data in a form element | ||
| width, height | For specifying the dimensions of the input (only allowed when the input type is “image”) | * | |
| ins | For marking an addition to the document | ||
| cite | For referencing a URL that explains the change | ||
| datetime | For specifying the time and date of the change | ||
| kbd | For marking user input | ||
| keygen | For generating a public and private key pair | 5 | |
| autofocus | For specifying that the keygen element is to be focused as soon as the page is loaded | 5 | |
| challenge | For generating a challenge to go along with the key pair | 5 | |
| disabled | For indicating that the element is not available in the current state | 5 | |
| form | For associating the element with a form that it is not a part of | 5 | |
| keytype | For identifying the kind of key pair to be generated | 5 | |
| name | For identifying the data that is gathered | 5 | |
| label | For labeling form elements | ||
| for | For specifying which form element the label belongs to | ||
| form | For associating the element with a form that it is not a part of | 5 | |
| legend | For labeling fieldsets | ||
| li | For creating a list item | ||
| value | For determining the initial value of the list item (if it is the child of an ol) | * | |
| link | For linking to an external style sheet or other external resource | ||
| href | For specifying the URL of the resource | ||
| hreflang | For specifying the language of the linked resource | 5 | |
| media | For defining a style sheet’s targeted media types and/or media features | ||
| rel | For identifying the kind of link | ||
| sizes | For identifying the size of the referenced icon (for use only when the rel attribute is “icon”) | 5 | |
| title | For labeling an alternate style sheet or other resource | ||
| type | For noting a resource’s MIME type (only required if the link type is not “text/css”) | ||
| map | For creating a client-side image map | ||
| name | For naming a map so it can be referenced later | ||
| mark | For highlighting text for reference purposes due to its relevance in another context | 5 | |
| math | For embedding MathML in the page | 5 | |
| menu | For containing a list of commands | * | |
| label | For labeling the menu | 5 | |
| type | For identifying the kind of menu being used: “context,” “list” (default), or “toolbar” | 5 | |
| meta | For associating various kinds of metadata with the page | ||
| charset | For identifying the character encoding of the page itself | 5 | |
| content | For adding extra information about the page itself | ||
| http-equiv | For creating automatic jumps to other pages, setting the default scripting language, and declaring the character encoding | ||
| name | For identifying extra information about the page | ||
| meter | For representing a measurement within a known range | 5 | |
| high, low | For specifying a range of values as being “high” or “low” | 5 | |
| max, min | For identifying the maximum and minimum allowable values | 5 | |
| name | For identifying the data that is gathered | 5 | |
| optimum | For identifying the optimum value | 5 | |
| value | For indicating the current value of the meter (required) | 5 | |
| nav | For identifying a section of a page that links to other pages or to parts within the page | 5 | |
| noscript | For providing alternatives to scripts | ||
| object | For embedding objects in Web pages | ||
| data | For identifying the source of the multimedia file to be embedded | ||
| form | For associating the element with a form that it is not a part of | 5 | |
| name | For identifying the object (e.g., so it can be scripted) | ||
| type | For noting the object’s MIME type | ||
| typemustmatch | For indicating that the resource specified in the object’s data attribute must have the same MIME type as identified in the object’s type attribute (allowed only if the object’s data and type are both specified) | ||
| usemap | For indicating whether the object has an associated image map | ||
| width, height | For specifying the dimensions of the object’s box | ||
| ol | For creating ordered lists | ||
| reversed | For specifying whether the list is descending (. . . , 3, 2, 1) | 5 | |
| start | For specifying the initial value of the first list item | * | |
| type | For specifying the kind of numerals that should begin each list item | * | |
| optgroup | For grouping a set of option elements under a common label within a select element | ||
| disabled | For indicating that the element is not available in the current state | ||
| label | For labeling the group of options | ||
| option | For creating the individual options in a select or datalist element | ||
| disabled | For indicating that the element is not available in the current state | ||
| label | For specifying how the option should appear in the menu | ||
| selected | For making a menu option be selected by default in a blank form | ||
| value | For specifying the initial value of a menu option | ||
| output | For representing the result of a calculation | 5 | |
| for | For creating an explicit association between the result of a calculation and the values that went into the calculation | 5 | |
| form | For associating the element with a form that it is not a part of | 5 | |
| name | For identifying the data that is gathered | 5 | |
| p | For creating a paragraph | ||
| param | For setting properties of an object | ||
| name | For identifying the kind of property | ||
| value | For setting the value of the named property | ||
| pre | For representing a block of preformatted text | ||
| progress | For identifying the completion progress of a task | 5 | |
| max | Must be a valid floating-point number greater than zero (if present) | 5 | |
| value | Must be a valid floating-point number equal to or greater than zero (and less than or equal to the value of the max attribute, if it is present) | 5 | |
| q | For quoting short passages from another source | ||
| cite | For giving the URL of the source of the quote | ||
| rp | For providing parentheses around a ruby text component of a ruby annotation in browsers that don’t support ruby annotations | 5 | |
| rt | For marking the ruby text component of a ruby text annotation | 5 | |
| ruby | For allowing text to be marked up with ruby annotations | 5 | |
| s | For identifying text that is no longer accurate or no longer relevant | * | |
| samp | For representing sample output from a program or computing system | ||
| script | For adding “automatic” scripts to a page | ||
| async | For influencing script loading and execution | 5 | |
| charset | For specifying the character set an external script is written in | ||
| defer | For influencing script loading and execution | ||
| src | For referencing an external script | ||
| type | For specifying the scripting language the script is written in (only required if the script type is not “text/javascript”) | * | |
| section | For identifying a section of a document | 5 | |
| select | For creating form control for selecting from a set of options | ||
| autofocus | For specifying that the select element is to be focused as soon as the page is loaded | 5 | |
| disabled | For indicating that the element is not available in the current state | ||
| form | For associating the element with a form that it is not a part of | 5 | |
| multiple | For allowing users to choose more than one option in the menu | ||
| name | For identifying the data collected by the menu | ||
| required | For identifying that the user must select one of the options in order to submit the form (the first child option element must be a placeholder or an empty value) | 5 | |
| size | For specifying the number of items initially visible in the menu (and for displaying the menu as a list) | ||
| small | For representing side comments such as small print | * | |
| source | For identifying multiple alternative media resources within an audio or video element | 5 | |
| crossorigin | For setting cross-origin request credentials | 5 | |
| media | For identifying the intended media type of the resource | 5 | |
| src | For identifying the URL of the audio or video file to play | 5 | |
| type | For noting a resource’s MIME type | 5 | |
| span | For wrapping content in an element that has no intrinsic semantic meaning | * | |
| strong | For indicating strong importance of the element’s content | * | |
| style | For embedding style information in a page | ||
| media | For indicating a style sheet’s purpose | ||
| scoped | For applying styles only to the descendants of the element’s parent | 5 | |
| type | For indicating a style sheet’s MIME type (only required if the style type is not “text/css”) | * | |
| sub | For creating subscripts | ||
| summary | For identifying a summary, caption, or legend for the contents of its parent details element | 5 | |
| sup | For creating superscripts | ||
| svg | For embedding Scalable Vector Graphics in the page | 5 | |
| table | For creating tables | ||
| tbody | For identifying the body of the table; in contrast with the header (thead) or footer (tfoot) | ||
| td, th | For creating regular and header cells, respectively, in a table | ||
| colspan | For spanning a cell across more than one column | ||
| rowspan | For spanning a cell across more than one row | ||
| scope | For identifying to which rows, columns, rowgroups, or columngroups a th applies | ||
| textarea | For creating text block entry areas in a form | ||
| autofocus | For specifying that the text area is to be focused as soon as the page is loaded | 5 | |
| dirname | For identifying the direction of the entered text | 5 | |
| disabled | For indicating that the element is not available in the current state | ||
| form | For associating the element with a form that it is not a part of | 5 | |
| maxlength | For specifying the maximum number of characters that can be entered in a textarea | ||
| name | For identifying the data that is gathered with the text block | ||
| placeholder | For providing a hint to aid in data entry | 5 | |
| readonly | For protecting a text area’s contents | ||
| required | For indicating that the element must not be blank in order to submit the form | 5 | |
| rows, cols | For specifying the number of rows and columns in the text block | ||
| wrap | For specifying the use of soft or hard wraps when content of field is submitted | 5 | |
| tfoot, thead | For identifying the footer and header area of a table | ||
| time | For specifying a date, a time, or both | 5 | |
| datetime | For providing a machine-readable version of the time or date expressed in the element’s text | 5 | |
| pubdate | For specifying the publication date and time of the element’s ancestor article or body element | 5 | |
| title | For creating the title of the page (required) | ||
| tr | For creating rows in a table | ||
| track | For specifying external timed text tracks for the parent audio or video element | 5 | |
| default | For indicating which track is the default | 5 | |
| kind | For identifying whether the track is “subtitles,” “captions,” “descriptions,” “chapters,” or “metadata” | 5 | |
| label | For providing a user-readable name for the track | 5 | |
| src | For identifying the URL of the track’s data | 5 | |
| srclang | For identifying the language of the track’s data | 5 | |
| u | For displaying a span of text with an unarticulated, though explicitly rendered, non-textual annotation | * | |
| ul | For creating unordered lists | ||
| var | For marking text as a variable name | ||
| video | For embedding videos, movies, and captioned audio files | 5 | |
| autoplay | For telling the browser to start playing the video file as soon as it can | 5 | |
| controls | For telling the browser to provide controls for the video element | 5 | |
| crossorigin | For setting cross-origin request credentials | 5 | |
| loop | For telling the video file to start over without interruption upon reaching its end | 5 | |
| mediagroup | For associating multiple media files together | 5 | |
| muted | For controlling the default state of audio output | 5 | |
| poster | For specifying the URL of an image to use as a placeholder while media loads, or in case of an error loading | 5 | |
| preload | For specifying whether the browser can begin downloading the media file before the visitor starts playing it | 5 | |
| src | For identifying the URL of the video file to play | 5 | |
| width, height | For specifying the dimensions of the video | 5 | |
| wbr | For identifying an appropriate place to insert a line-break into a word without hyphenation | 5 | |
